Romania - Science and technology

The Romanian Academy, founded in 1866, has sections of mathematical sciences, physical sciences, chemical sciences, biological sciences, economical sciences, technical sciences, agricultural sciences and forestry, medical sciences, and science and technology of information. The Academy of Medical Sciences and the Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences were both founded in 1969. All three organizations are located in Bucharest, and in 1996, had 67 research institutes attached to them. In 1987–97, total research and development expenditures amounted to 0.7% of GNP; 1,387 technicians and 581 scientists and engineers per one million people were engaged in research and development. In 1996, Romania had 22 universities offering courses in basic and applied sciences. In 1987–97, science and engineering students accounted for 21% of university enrollment.