Monaco - Political parties

Monaco does not have political parties as such, but candidates compete on the basis of various lists. Major political groups have been the National and Democratic Union (Union Nationale et Démocratique—UND), founded in 1962; Communist Action (Action Communale—AC); Èvolution Communale (EC); and the Movement of Democratic Union (MUD). In the general election of February 1998, the UND took all 18 seats in the National Council. Elections held on 9 February 2003 were the first under a new electoral law establishing 24 seats in the National Council. A unified opposition list, the Union for Monaco, composed of the National Union for the Future of Monaco and the Rally for the Monégasque Family, took 58.5% of the vote and 21 seats, to the UND's 41.5% and 3 seats. The introduction of proportionality voting enabled the UND to obtain its seats.

LOCATION: 43°43′ 49″ N ; 7°25′ 36″ E. BOUNDARY LENGTHS: France, 5.4 kilometers (3.4 miles); Mediterranean coastline, 7.3 kilometers (4.5 miles). TERRITORIAL SEA LIMIT: 12 miles.