Before the collapse of the Soviet Union, Belarus exported about 40% of its industrial output to other Soviet republics and imported 90% of its primary energy and 70% of its raw materials from them. Belarus has remained exceedingly dependant on Russia for economic support; a proposed EU-style partnership between the two nations threatens its economic independence.
In 2000, Belarus exported machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, petroleum products, and manufactured goods. Imports included fuel, natural gas, industrial raw materials, textiles, and sugar. Belarus' major trading partners are Russia, Ukraine, Poland, and Germany. Imports and exports grew at an annual pace of over 61% in 1995. Principal trading partners in 2000 (in millions of US dollars) were as follows:
COUNTRY | EXPORTS | IMPORTS | BALANCE |
Russia | 3,716 | 5,550 | -1,834 |
Ukraine | 560 | 341 | 219 |
Latvia | 467 | 30 | 437 |
Lithuania | 349 | 69 | 280 |
Poland | 277 | 216 | -61 |
Germany | 232 | 588 | -356 |
Estonia | 147 | n.a. | |
China (inc. Hong Kong) | 136 | 47 | 89 |
Netherlands | 130 | 80 | 50 |
United States | 99 | 139 | -40 |
Italy | 76 | 163 | -87 |
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