The Tajik Academy of Sciences, founded in 1951 at Dushanbe, has departments of physical-mathematical, chemical, and technical sciences; earth sciences; biological and medical sciences; and ten associated research institutes. Tajik State University has faculties of mechanics and mathematics, physics, chemistry, geology, and biology. Tajik Abu-Ali Ibn-Cina (Avicenna) State Medical Institute was founded in 1939. Tajik Agricultural Institute was founded in 1951. Tajik Technical University was founded in 1956. All four educational institutions are in Dushanbe. In 1987–97, science and engineering students accounted for 17% of college and university enrollments. In the same period, Tajikistan had 666 scientists per million population engaged in research and development.