Macedonia - Poverty and wealth



The state provides health and social benefits, including pensions, to all citizens, but inflation and economic

GDP per Capita (US$)
Country 1975 1980 1985 1990 1998
Macedonia N/A N/A N/A N/A 1,349
United States 19,364 21,529 23,200 25,363 29,683
Albania N/A 916 915 842 795
Romania 1,201 1,643 1,872 1,576 1,310
SOURCE: United Nations. Human Development Report 2000; Trends in human development and per capita income.

hardship over the 1990s have dramatically reduced most such payments. Market reforms of the 1990s created both increased poverty and new wealth. Many new entrepreneurs, corrupt politicians and other officials, and politically protected smugglers exploiting channels through Greece and Bulgaria, amassed spectacular fortunes, particularly benefiting from breaches of trade sanctions against Yugoslavia. No specific data on the distribution of consumption and income is currently available. Income levels render Macedonia a poor country with education, health, life expectancy, and consumerism low by European standards. Nevertheless, the country enjoys greater economic equality than neighboring Greece.

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