Caballero, Maria Cristina. "Is Colombia Doomed to Repeat Its Past?" New York Times, August 10, 2002, p. A-23.
CIA World Factbook. http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/co.html (February 24, 2003).
CNN En Espanol. http://CNNenEspanol.com (February 2003).
"Colombian Leader Eludes Reported Assassins." New York Times, December 12, 2002, p. A-18.
Contreras, Joseph. "Colombia's Hard Right." Newsweek International, March 25, 2002, p. 48.
Forero, Juan. "Colombia Takes Aim at Rebels in Its Cities," New York Times, November 4, 2002, p. 6.
Miller, T. Christian, and Mauricio Hoyos. "A Violent Inaugural in Colombia," Los Angeles Times, August 8, 2002, p. A-1.
Lifsher, Mark. "Colombia's New Leader Vows to Vanquish Guerrillas." Wall Street Journal, May 28, 2002, p. A-14.
"More Order and Less Law." The Economist, November 7, 2002.
"Once Again, Colombia Mourns." The Economist, February 15, 2003.
U.S. Department of State. Background Notes: Colombia. http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/1831.htm (February 2003).
"Uribe's Hour." The Economist, August 8, 2002.
Uribe Velez, Álvaro. "Colombia" Journal of Democracy, vol. 13, no. 4, October 2002, p. 187–195.
Weisman, Steven R. "Powell Says U.S. Will Increase Military Aid for Colombia" New York Times, December 5, 2002,p. 14.
Profile researched and written by Patricio Navia, New York University (3/2003).