Yugoslavia (which became Serbia and Montenegro in 2003) had 3,707,000 ha (9,160,000 acres) of arable land in 1998. Serbia historically accounted for 60% of agricultural production. Vojvodina is the major agricultural region. In 1999, 21% of the labor force was engaged in agriculture.
Between 1991 and 1996, total agricultural production declined by 10%. During that time, production of farm crops fell by 9%; cereals by 12%. Viticultural production, however, increased by 51%. However, by 1999, total agricultural output was at 92% of the average during 1989–91.
Agriculture contributed an estimated 18% to GDP in 1999. Major crops produced in 2001 included (in thousands of tons): corn, 5,502; wheat, 2,245; sugar beets, 2,085; potatoes, 992; and grapes, 419.
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