Fresh and dried fish and fish sauce (known as nuoc mam) are major ingredients of the Vietnamese diet, and fishing is an important occupation. Shrimp, lobster, and more than 50 commercial species of fish are found in Vietnamese waters. Ha Long Bay, the major fishing area of the north, is particularly rich in shrimp and crayfish. Fish also abound in Vietnam's rivers and canals.
The fishing industry was severely depleted after the Vietnam war, when many fishermen (often overseas Chinese) fled the country. The government has increased marine production into a major export industry. In 2000, ocean production was estimated at 1,441,590 tons, and inland production was estimated at 161,000 tons. Exports of fish products were valued at $1,480 million in 2000. Vietnamese aquaculture primarily produces cyprinids and prawns.