Jordan has traditionally run a trade deficit with imports at least doubling exports. During the 1990s, fertilizers accounted for about a quarter of Jordan's commodity exports, and amounted to almost a quarter of the world's total exports of crude fertilizers (23%). However, in 2000, Jordan's fertilizer exports plummeted, accounting for a mere 7.6% of exports. No particular commodity now dominates Jordan's export market, but key exports include apparel (8.9%), medical and pharmaceutical products (8.6%), and paper products (4.7%). Other important exports are industrial machinery (4.8%) and vegetables (6.4%).
In 2000 Jordan's imports were distributed among the following categories:
Consumer goods | 11.4% |
Food | 17.1% |
Fuels | 4.8% |
Industrial supplies | 30.7% |
Machinery | 15.7% |
Transportation | 17.5% |
Other | 2.8% |
Principal trading partners in 2000 (in millions of US dollars) were as follows:
COUNTRY | EXPORTS | IMPORTS | BALANCE |
Sa'udi Arabia | 119 | 149 | -30 |
United States | 67 | 452 | -385 |
Iraq | 32 | 159 | -127 |
Turkey | 16 | 90 | -74 |
Germany | 14 | 524 | -510 |
Japan | 14 | 180 | -166 |
Italy | 9 | 165 | -156 |
Korea | 9 | 162 | -153 |
United Kingdom | n.a. | 207 | n.a. |
France | n.a. | 172 | n.a. |
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