Jordan's principal environmental problems are insufficient water resources, soil erosion caused by overgrazing of goats and sheep, and deforestation. Water pollution is an important issue in Jordan. Jordan has 0.7 cubic km of renewable water resources with 75% used for farming activity and 3% used for industrial purposes. One-hundred percent of all city dwellers and 84% of rural people have pure water. It is expected that the rate of population growth will place more demands on an already inadequate water supply. Current sources of pollution are sewage, herbicides, and pesticides. Jordan's cities produce an average of 1.2 million tons of solid waste per year.
Jordan's wildlife was reduced drastically by livestock overgrazing and uncontrolled hunting between 1930 and 1960; larger wild animals, such as the Arabian oryx, onager, and Asiatic lion, have completely disappeared. Under a law of 1973, the government has prohibited unlicensed hunting of birds or wild animals and unlicensed sport fishing, as well as the cutting of trees, shrubs, and plants. As of 2001, 3.3% of Jordan's total land area is protected. In the same year, seven of Jordan's mammal species and four bird species were listed as endangered. Four plant species were also endangered. Endangered species in Jordan include the South Arabian leopard and the goitered gazelle.
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