COLOMBIA



Colombia 1930
Photo by: Gts

Republic of Colombia
República de Colombia

CAPITAL : Bogotá

FLAG : The national flag consists of three horizontal stripes; the yellow upper stripe is twice as wide as each of the other two, which are blue and red.

ANTHEM : Himno Nacional, beginning "O gloria inmarcesible, júbilo inmortal" ("O unwithering glory, immortal joy").

MONETARY UNIT : The Colombian peso ( C $) of 100 centavos is a paper currency. There are coins of 10, 20, and 50 centavos and of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 pesos, and notes of 100, 200, 500, 1,000, 2,000, 5,000 and 10,000 pesos. Commemorative gold coins of various denominations also have been minted. C $1 = US $0.0003418 (or US $1 = C $2925) as of May 2003.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES : The metric system is the official standard, but Spanish units such as the botella, vara, fonegada, arroba, and quintal also are used.

HOLIDAYS : New Year's Day, 1 January; Epiphany, 6 January; St. Joseph's Day, 19 March; Labor Day, 1 May; Day of St. Peter and St. Paul, 29 June; Independence Day, 20 July; Battle of Boyacá, 7 August; Assumption, 15 August; Columbus Day, 12 October; All Saints' Day, 1 November; Independence of Cartagena, 11 November; Immaculate Conception, 8 December; Christmas, 25 December. Movable religious holidays include Holy Thursday, Good Friday, Holy Saturday, Ascension, Sacred Heart, and Corpus Christi. In addition there are six official commemorative days.

TIME : 7 AM = noon GMT.


LANGUAGES

The official language, Spanish, is spoken by all but a few Amerindian tribes. Spanish as spoken and written by educated Colombians is generally considered the closest to Castilian in Latin America.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Alexander, Yonah (ed.). Combating Terrorism: Strategies of Ten Countries. Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan Press, 2002.

Bruhns, Karen Olsen. Archaeological Investigation in Central Colombia. Oxford: Tempus Reparatum, 1995.

Bushnell, David. The Making of Modern Colombia: a Nation in Spite of Itself. Berkeley: Univ. of California Press, 1993.

Cohen, Alvin, and Frank R. Gunter. The Colombian Economy: Issues of Trade and Development. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1992.

Davis, Robert H. Colombia. Oxford, England; Santa Barbara, Calif.: Clio Press, 1990.

——. Historical Dictionary of Colombia, 2d ed. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1993.

Garretón, Manuel Antonio, and Edward Newman, eds. Democracy in Latin America: (Re) constructing Political Society. New York: United Nations University Press, 2001.

Giraldo, Javier. Colombia: The Genocidal Democracy. Monroe, Maine: Common Courage Press, 1996.

Harding, Colin. Colombia: A Guide to the People, Politics, and Culture. London: Latin American Bureau, 1995.

Health in the Americas, 2002 edition. Washington, D.C.: Pan American Health Organization, Pan American Sanitary Bureau, Regional Office of the World Health Organization, 2002.

Kline, Harvey F. Colombia: Democracy Under Assault. Boulder, CO: Westview, 1995.

McFarlane, Anthony. Colombia Before Independence: Economy, Society, and Politics under Bourbon Rule. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1993.

Pearce, Jenny. Colombia: the Drugs War. New York: Gloucester Press, 1990.

Political Violence in Colombia: Myth and Reality. London: Amnesty International Publications, 1994.

Randall, Stephen J. Colombia and the United States: Hegemony and Interdependence. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1992.

Also read article about Colombia from Wikipedia

User Contributions:

1
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Please note, the country name is Colombia, there for it citizens are Colombians, NOT "Columbians" (with a U) as the title "Famous columbians" states.
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